Development of Knowledge

Ideally history is a record of all the series of events that have occurred, which serves as a revealer of all things in accordance with the fact that there is no distortion at all, but in reality he is only partially revealed the sequence of events and can not be separated entirely from the engineering that is usually done by the political authorities . Although the phenomenon of this kind ever happened, but it can not be regarded as a trivial issue even got straightened out, because it involves and affects the lives of the next generation as the next historical actor. Moreover, history is the history of science is an important factor in human life. Thus, the need for earnest effort and moral responsibility and academic exposure history.

Before exposing the historical development of science, the authors have revealed a glimpse of the difference between knowledge and science in order not to get stuck on a misunderstanding about both, so that the reader can easily understand and correct what is meant by the historical development of science in this paper. Science is part of the classified knowledge, tersistem, and measurable, and can be verified empirically. Meanwhile, the overall knowledge is knowledge that has not been finalized, both the metaphysical and physical. It can also be said that knowledge is information in the form of common sense, while science was part higher than that because it has certain methods and mechanisms. So the more specialized knowledge than knowledge, but by no means all of science is knowledge.
A brief description of the above leads us to the conclusion that what is meant by knowledge here is not scientific knowledge. Science diverse. Jasin Maskoeri divide science into three broad categories. First, the Social Sciences include psychology, education, anthropology, ethnology, history, economics, and sociology. Secondly, the Natural Sciences which includes physics, chemistry, and biology (botany, zoology, morphology, anatomy, physiology, cytology, histology, and paleontology). Third, Earth and Space Science including geology (petrology, volcanology, and mineralogy), astronomy, and geography (physiography and geography biology). Because of the wide scope of knowledge, the authors focus only on the history of some of the science of the times recorded by the historical literature that exists and mention some figures behind the discovery and development of scientific theory.

Science Ancient Times
Broadly speaking, Proverbs Bakhtiar periodeisasi divide the history of science into four periods: in ancient Greece, the Islamic era, the Renaissance and the modern era, and the contemporary era. Periodeisasi contains three possibilities. First, denying any prior knowledge tersistem ancient Greece. Secondly, the absence of historical data on the science before the time of ancient Greece are up to us. Third, Bakhtiar deliberately not revealed it in his book. If the first possibility occurs, then the information of the religious texts of the names that Adam knew, for instance, does not include science but just mere knowledge. If the second possibility is true, then it does not mean knowledge tersistem just found and started in ancient Greece, but he was there just before the information is not up to us. If the possibility of a third force, the writer needs to disclose if only briefly due to the limited resources available to the authors.
According to George J. Mouly, beginning science can disusur until the beginning of man. There is no doubt that early humans had found some empirical relationships that allow them to understand the state of the world. The period of early humans, also known as pre-history. According Soetriono and SDRM Hanafie Rita, his history began about 15,000 to 600 BCE. At this time humans developed advanced knowledge. They have been known to read, write, and count. Their culture began to flourish in certain places, the Egyptians in Africa, Sumeria, Babylon, Nineveh, and China in Asia, the Maya and the Inca in Central America. They’ve been able to count and recognize numbers. Although somewhat different from the opinion, Muhammad Husain Haekal (1888-1956) found more specifically that the source of civilization dating back more than six thousand years ago (meaning around 4000 BC) was Egypt. Period before it put him into the category of pre-history. Therefore, it is very difficult going through to a scientific discovery.
Despite the differences of opinion about the beginning of the pre-historical and historical times, it can be concluded that science was born as a human on earth just naming sciences that usually comes later. Emphasis on usability and applications tend to take precedence over its name. This theory applies in general to some – not to say all-disciplines from generation to generation. Armed with brains, experience, and observations of natural phenomena, early humans, of course, has a set of knowledge that can help them through life. A set of knowledge is the longer will be more organized because this is the basic characteristic of science. If we deny the existence of certain knowledge that they have, then we will be difficult to answer the question: is it possible they can survive for many years without any stock?
Furthermore Mouly said the evidence in order to claim the following: early efforts in the field of science that are recorded in the pages of history by the Egyptians, where the Nile floods that occur each year could contribute to the development of the system almanac, geometry, and survey activities . This success was followed by the Babylonians and Hindus who provide valuable contributions despite not seinsentif activities Egyptians. After that came the Greeks who focuses on the organization of science in which they not only contribute to the development of the science of astronomy, medicine, and classification systems of Aristotle, but also syllogism is the basis for the description of the deductively human experiences.

Ancient Egypt, for example, bequeathed relics of high quality such as the pyramids, temples, and the city penatanan system. Relics could not exist without the knowledge that they have. The process of building a towering pyramid made up of large boulders option can not be separated from mathematics and architecture. Similarly, the development process of their magnificent temples. Meanwhile, the system architecture and the arrangement of the city require administration. In other words, the historical relics indicate a certain sciences that they have so that they can make their dreams come true. According Haekal, Egypt was the center of the most prominent first brought civilization to the Greek or Roman.
Meanwhile, according to Betrand Russell, during the Babylonian born a few things that belong to science: the division of the day into twenty-four hours, the circle into 360 degrees, allowing the discovery of eclipse cycle of lunar eclipses can be predicted accurately and solar eclipses with some estimates. This Babylonian knowledge into the hands of Thales, the Greek philosophers.